Back to Bhagavad Gita
Chapter 1 • Verse 34

Arjuna Vishada Yoga

अर्जुन विषाद योग

Speaker: Arjuna (अर्जुन)

Timeless Wisdom
Millions of Followers
Ancient Text

The Verse

श्लोक

आचार्याः पितरः पुत्रास्तथैव च पितामहाः | मातुलाः श्वशुराः पौत्राः श्यालाः सम्बन्धिनस्तथा ||३४||
ācāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrās tathaiva ca pitāmahāḥ | mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ śyālāḥ sambandhinas tathā ||34||

Translation

अनुवाद

English

Teachers, fathers, sons, grandfathers, maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, and other relatives.

हिंदी

आचार्य, पिता, पुत्र और उनके साथ पितामह, मामा, श्वसुर, पौत्र, साले और अन्य सम्बन्धी।

Deep Reflection

गहन चिंतन

Arjuna lists them all. Every category of relationship. Every type of bond.

Teachers. Fathers. Sons. Grandfathers. Uncles. Fathers-in-law. Grandsons. Brothers-in-law. Relatives.

It's an inventory of everyone he's connected to. An inventory of what the war will destroy.

The Psychology of Naming Loss

The list is comprehensive: those who taught him, those who raised him, those he raised, elders, peers, in-laws. Every possible relationship.

Listing makes abstract loss concrete.

Arjuna is doing what we all do in grief: naming. Each category named is a weight felt. Each relationship mentioned is a tear forming.

Lists seem clinical. They can be rituals of acknowledgment.

Teachers and Students

"Ācāryāḥ"—teachers. Drona taught Arjuna everything. Now Arjuna must kill him.

Some betrayals are required by circumstance.

Arjuna isn't ungrateful. He's trapped. The same circumstance that made Drona his teacher now makes Drona his target.

Sometimes life puts you at war with those who made you.

Three Generations

Grandfathers, fathers, sons, grandsons. Past, present, future. The whole temporal structure of family.

War destroys not just people but the continuity they represent.

Kill the grandfather—you kill living history. Kill the grandson—you kill the future. The battlefield contains time itself, about to be shattered.

The Web of Marriage

Fathers-in-law, brothers-in-law, relatives by marriage. Even connections made through love are implicated.

Marriage connects enemies.

Through weddings, alliances form that now place loved ones on opposite sides. The same marriages that built unity now ensure that whoever wins, someone's family loses.

Why Enumeration Enables Acknowledgment

Why does Arjuna list everyone? He's making sure Krishna understands the full scope. He's also making himself face it.

Enumeration is acknowledgment.

By saying each relationship aloud, Arjuna forces himself—and anyone listening—to recognize what's at stake. This isn't abstract. This is teachers, fathers, sons.

Sometimes we need to name things to truly see them.

What This Means for You

व्यावहारिक ज्ञान

Name what you might lose. Naming makes abstract stakes concrete. It's honest, even if painful.

Recognize the full web. Conflicts implicate more than the obvious parties. Trace the connections.

Relationships span time. Past (teachers, elders) and future (children, students) are both present. Consider the temporal scope.

Acknowledge before acting. If you're going to do something with consequences, at least be honest about what those consequences include.

Live With It

इस श्लोक को जिएं

Make the list.

If you file for divorce, who are you leaving? Not just "my husband." You are leaving: Your best friend. Your co-parent. The person who knows your passwords. The son-in-law your mother loves. The uncle to your sister's kids.

If you quit your job in anger, who are you hurting? Not just "the boss." You're hurting: The mentor who hired you. The junior you promised to train. The team relying on your code.

Don't hide behind a single label.

Arjuna lists them all: Teachers, fathers, sons, grandsons, uncles...

He forces himself to see the full inventory of loss.

It hurts. It's supposed to. If you are going to burn a bridge, you owe it to yourself to know exactly who is standing on it. Don't gloss over the details. Count the cost. Real, specific, individual cost.

A Question to Sit With

चिंतन के लिए प्रश्न

"What relationships would be affected by a major decision you're contemplating—have you listed them all?"